用Pygame写俄罗斯方块

首先我们先打开cmd输入如下令命

pip install pygame

然后打开python或者pycharm

输入如下代码

import os
import pygame
import sys
import random
import pygame.font
import time
pygame.init()

clos = 10                        #游戏网格列数可以调整>=8
rows = 20                        #游戏网格行数可以调整
cell_size = 40                    #一个网格的大小
block_size = cell_size - 1        #一个方块的大小,小于等于cell_size
block_edge = int(block_size /2)    #方块的立体感数字>=1,数字越小立体感越强
fps = 40                        #每秒帧数建议范围20-60越大难度递进越越缓

win_width = clos * 2 * cell_size + 6 * cell_size
win_hight = (rows + 1) * cell_size    
os.environ['SDL_VIDEO_WINDOW_POS'] = "%d,%d" % (400,40)
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((win_width, win_hight))
pygame.display.set_caption("Crystal方块")

#在4*4的小网格内以左上角坐标为（0,07种方块及其各形态4个方块在小网格的相对坐标
#移动时记录小网络（0,0点在游戏网格的（x,y)就知道4个方块在游戏网格中的位置
blocks = {
    1: [[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(3,1)],
        [(2,0),(2,1),(2,2),(2,3)]],        #I型
    2: [[(1,1),(2,1),(1,2),(2,2)]],        #O型
    3: [[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(1,2)],
        [(1,0),(0,1),(1,1),(1,2)],
        [(1,1),(0,2),(1,2),(2,2)],
        [(1,0),(1,1),(2,1),(1,2)]],        #T型
    4: [[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(0,2)],
        [(0,0),(1,0),(1,1),(1,2)],
        [(2,1),(0,2),(1,2),(2,2)],
        [(1,0),(1,1),(1,2),(2,2)]],        #L型
    5: [[(0,1),(1,1),(2,1),(2,2)],
        [(1,0),(1,1),(0,2),(1,2)],
        [(0,1),(0,2),(1,2),(2,2)],
        [(1,0),(2,0),(1,1),(1,2)]],        #J型
    6: [[(1,1),(2,1),(0,2),(1,2)],
        [(0,0),(0,1),(1,1),(1,2)]],        #s型
    7: [[(0,1),(1,1),(1,2),(2,2)],
        [(2,0),(1,1),(2,1),(1,2)]],}    #Z型
        
#第1个为网格底色后7个为对应方块的颜色因为要加和原色相近的明暗边自定义色RGB值最小得不低于50最高不超过205否则出错。    
#最后一个颜色（灰用来画NEXT方块也可以用NEXT方块的next_key值来指向本色    
block_color = [(199,238,206),(200,50,50),(50,200,200),(50,50,200),(200,200,50),(200,50,200),(50,200,50),(125,50,125),(180,180,180)]

class Game_machine():
    def __init__(self,x0,y0):
        self.x0, self.y0 = x0, y0                #记录player游戏区（00点在屏幕的坐标
        self.rect = pygame.Rect(0,0,block_size, block_size)    #方块矩形大小            
        self.display_array = [[0 for i in range(clos)] for j in range(rows)]    #游戏区每格初始值设为0为1时不能通过
        self.color_array = [[0 for i in range(clos)] for j in range(rows)]        #游戏区每格的颜色block_color的索引值
        self.x, self.y = 0, 0                    #记录移动方块（00点在游戏网格的（clo,row)位置
        self.key = 0                            #记录移动方块在blocks的键是哪种方块
        self.index_ = 0                            #记录移动方块形态的索引
        self.next_key = self.rand_key()            #记录NEXT方块在blocks的键        
        self.speed = fps                        #速度和帧率一致
        self.fall_buffer = self.speed            #自动下落的缓冲时间屏幕每刷一次自动减1
        self.fall_speed_up = False                #是否加速下落
        self.score = 0
        self.lines = 0
        self.level = 0
        self.creat_new_block()
                        
    def creat_new_block(self):
        #产生新的移动方块和NEXT方块以第一形态作为初始形态
        self.key = self.next_key
        self.next_key = self.rand_key()
        self.index = 0
        self.x = 4                    #初始列设在第4列
        self.y = -1                    #初始高度设为-1,保证方块在最顶部位置出现研究每种方块第一形态坐标可以找到答案

    def rand_key(self):
        keys = [1,1,2,3,3,3,3,4,4,4,4,5,5,5,5,6,6,7,7]        #决定每种方块出现概率
        return keys[random.randint(0,len(keys)-1)]
        
    def move(self, dx, dy):
        #方块左、右、下移动左dx=-1,dy=0  右:dx=1,dy=0  下dx=0,dy=1
        if self.can_move(self.index, dx, dy):
            self.x += dx
            self.y += dy
        elif dy:
            #不能下落在顶部位置不能下落游戏结束以下位置则停止移动
            if self.y <= 0:
                self.game_over()
            else:
                self.stop_move()
            
    def rotate(self):
        #方块旋转至下一形态使用的顺时针旋转被注释的是逆时针旋转
        next_index = (self.index + 1) % len(blocks[self.key])
        #next_index = (self.index - 1 + len(blocks[self.key])) % len(blocks[self.key])
        if self.can_move(next_index, 0, 0):
            self.index = next_index
    
    def can_move(self, index, dx, dy):
        #方块能否移动:出界或碰到其他方块
        for (x,y) in blocks[self.key][index]:
            clo, row = self.x + x + dx , self.y + y + dy
            if clo >= clos  or clo < 0 or row >= rows or row < 0:    #出界
                return False
            if self.display_array[row][clo]:            #值等于1时不能移动
                return False
        return True

    def stop_move(self):
        #方块停止移动停落区域赋值1和相应的颜色
        self.score += 4    
        for (x,y) in  blocks[self.key][self.index]:
            self.display_array[y+self.y][x+self.x] = 1
            self.color_array[y+self.y][x+self.x] = self.key
        self.del_full_row()    
        self.creat_new_block()    
    
    def del_full_row(self):
        #删除填满的行记录成绩
        lines = 0        
        for row in range(rows):
            if sum(self.display_array[row]) == clos:            #填满行判断
                lines += 1                #记录一次连续删除的行数实现多消多奖
                self.lines += 1
                if self.lines % 5 == 0:                #每消5行等级升1速度加快
                    self.level = self.lines / 5
                    self.speed = int(self.speed * 0.9)            #越小越快
                self.score += (self.level + clos * lines) * 5
                
                del self.display_array[row]
                self.display_array.insert(0,[0 for i in range(clos)])
                
    def display(self):
        self.display_stop_blocks()
        self.display_next_blocks()
        self.display_move_blocks()
        self.display_score()
        
        #每刷一次缓冲计数减1缓冲计数=0或按住了向下键则下落一格
        self.fall_buffer -= 1
        if self.fall_buffer == 0 or self.fall_speed_up:
            self.fall_buffer = self.speed
            self.move(0,1)
                
    def display_stop_blocks(self):
        #显示不移动的方块值为1画彩色立体方块值为0画底色块
        for y in range(rows):
            for x in range(clos):
                self.rect.topleft = x * cell_size, y * cell_size
                if  self.display_array[y][x]:
                    self.draw_block(self.color_array[y][x], 1)
                else:
                    self.draw_block(0, 0)
                    
    def display_next_blocks(self):
        #显示下一个方块
        for (x,y) in  blocks[self.next_key][0]:
            self.rect.topleft = x * cell_size , (y - 1) * cell_size
            self.draw_block(8, 1)        

    def display_move_blocks(self):
        #显示移动的方块
        for (x,y) in  blocks[self.key][self.index]:
            self.rect.topleft = (self.x + x) * cell_size, (self.y + y) * cell_size
            self.draw_block(self.key, 1)    

    def display_score(self):
        #显示得分记录
        text = "得分%d  行数%d  等级%d" %(self.score,self.lines,self.level)
        self.img = pygame.font.SysFont("kaiti",25).render(text, True, (0,0,255))
        self.img_rect = self.img.get_rect()
        self.img_rect.topleft = (self.x0, rows* cell_size)
        screen.blit(self.img, self.img_rect)
                
    def game_over(self):
        #只是简单的数据重新初始化后立即重新开始
        self.__init__(self.x0, self.y0)
                        
    def draw_block(self, color_index, draw_edge):
        #在指定位置画方块
        (r,g,b) = block_color[color_index]
        self.rect.centerx = self.rect.left + self.x0 + int(cell_size / 2)
        self.rect.centery = self.rect.top + self.y0 + int(cell_size / 2)
        if draw_edge:
            #画方块明暗过度边增加立体感x0~x4是方块四角和中心的坐标。
            x0 = self.rect.center                    
            x1 = self.rect.topleft
            x2 = self.rect.topright
            x3 = self.rect.bottomright
            x4 = self.rect.bottomleft
            pygame.draw.polygon(screen, (r+50, g+50, b+50), (x0,x1,x2), 0)
            pygame.draw.polygon(screen, (r+20, g+20, b+20), (x0,x2,x3), 0)
            pygame.draw.polygon(screen, (r-50, g-50, b-50), (x0,x3,x4), 0)
            pygame.draw.polygon(screen, (r-20, g-20, b-20), (x0,x4,x1), 0)
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, (r,g,b), self.rect.inflate(-block_edge, -block_edge), 0)
        else:
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, (r,g,b), self.rect, 0)

time = pygame.time.Clock()    
player1 = Game_machine(0, 0)
player2 = Game_machine((clos + 6) * cell_size, 0)

while True:
    time.tick(fps)
    screen.fill((166,124,64))
    player1.display()
    player2.display()
    pygame.display.update()
        
    #移动旋转控制            
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_g:            #player1 :g键右移动一格
                player1.move(1,0)
            elif event.key == pygame.K_d:        #player1 :d键左移动一格
                player1.move(-1,0)
            elif event.key == pygame.K_r:        #player1 :r键旋转一次
                player1.rotate()
            elif event.key == pygame.K_f:        #player1 :f键加速下移
                player1.fall_speed_up = True
                
            if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:        #player2 :→键右移动一格
                player2.move(1,0)
            elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:    #player2 :←键左移动一格
                player2.move(-1,0)
            elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:        #player2 :↑键旋转一次
                player2.rotate()
            elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:    #player2 :↓键加速下移
                player2.fall_speed_up = True
                
            elif event.key == pygame.K_q:
                sys.exit()
                
        elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
            if event.key == pygame.K_f:
                player1.fall_speed_up = False
            if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                player2.fall_speed_up = False    
        elif event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            sys.exit()